DESCRIPTION:
Mars 2 Lander was an descent lander of Mars program along with Mars 2 Orbiter, which was launched by Soviet Russia in Early 1971. This spacecraft had similar design to Venera 9 spacecraft. It was planned to perform soft landing on Mars and to return images of Martian Surface. This landing module was designed by Lavochkin. This spacecraft was carried by Proton-K Heavy launch vehicle for Baikonur cosmodrome, Russia. This probe successfully reached Mars but the mission was deployed and lander failed to land during attempt on 27 November 1971.
SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS:
The Spacecraft was mounted on the bus/orbiter opposite to the propulsion system. It consist of spherical landing capsule, conical aerobraking heat shield, parachute system and retro rockets.It also carried a small walking rover called Prop-M Rover which used its two skies to walk. The lander also carried TV Cameras to capture surface image of Mars.Mars 2 lander was sterilized before launch to avoid the exposure and contamination of Martian atmosphere.
INSTRUMENTS CARRIED:
The Spacecraft was mounted on the bus/orbiter opposite to the propulsion system. It consist of spherical landing capsule, conical aerobraking heat shield, parachute system and retro rockets.It also carried a small walking rover called Prop-M Rover which used its two skies to walk. The lander also carried TV Cameras to capture surface image of Mars.Mars 2 lander was sterilized before launch to avoid the exposure and contamination of Martian atmosphere.
INSTRUMENTS CARRIED:
- 360 degree Television Cameras
- Mass Spectrometer
- Wind Sensors
- Mechanical Scoop
- Aerial Antennas
The descent lander was separated from the orbiter on 27 November of 1971. After entering into the martian atmosphere, the system malfunctioned and the parachute did not depoly result in the crash of lander.After crashing it made a world record that It became the first man made object to reach Mars.
BOOKS ON MARS EXPLORATION HISTORY:
The difficult road to Mars - A Brief history of Mars Exploration in the Soviet Union [PDF]
FURTHER REFERENCES:
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